The Neonatology Pipeline: Who Trains, Where They Go

Interactive companion to the PAS poster. Every chart below redraws for the group you pick.

1,797 neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) fellows, graduating classes 2022–2028. Faul S, et al., Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

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Who enters NPM fellowship

Share of each graduating class by degree. The selected group is highlighted.

Regional mobility, residency to fellowship

Net gain (region)Net loss (region)Net flow between regions (width = fellows)

Net fellows by region (arrived minus departed)

In-region retention by residency region

Stayed in regionLeft for another region

Trends by graduating class

Residency-to-fellowship moves for the selected group (solid) against all fellows (dashed grey).

How far they move

Geodesic miles. Medical school to residency is measured from the school's city to the residency address (U.S. graduates only); residency to fellowship is address to address.

Medical school → residency

Residency → fellowship

How far down the list

Rank the programs available by distance from where the fellow was training (0 = own institution, 1 = nearest other program). The curve shows the share of fellows who chose a program within the k nearest.

Data. Fellows entering NPM fellowship with expected graduation 2022–2028, identified from the TECaN NPM fellow directory and verified against public program listings; military trainees, residencies outside the continental U.S., and incomplete records were excluded (n = 1,797; 1,782 with a recorded degree). "U.S. graduates" combines MD and DO graduates of U.S. schools; "IMG" is international medical graduates, whose medical-school step is not shown because their schools are abroad.

Regions. The nine ERAS regions (U.S. census divisions): 1 New England, 2 Middle Atlantic, 3 South Atlantic, 4 East South Central, 5 East North Central, 6 West North Central, 7 West South Central, 8 Mountain, 9 Pacific. Arrows show net flow between a pair of regions (fellows moving one way minus the other); only pairs above a small threshold are drawn.

Distance rank. For the fellowship step, every NPM fellowship offering positions that year (about 101 programs) is ranked by distance from the residency; the residency's own fellowship is rank 0. For the residency step, all 212 continental-U.S., non-military pediatric residencies are ranked by distance from the medical school's city; the school's own residency is rank 0.

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